The Americans (2013) Subtitles
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Americans hate work and despise a challenge. Not ALL Americans, mind you. There are those Type-A go-getters who found Microsoft and take home gold medals at the Olympics. But that represents a fraction of a percent. Most Americans would rather be beaten with a whiffle ball bat that sit through a two hour movie with subtitles. They would prefer to watch a game of Soccer to being forced to read while going to the movies. They would sooner perform twenty minutes of exercise than be forced to engage additional brain cells at the movies.
There are exceptions. Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon managed to crack 100 million dollars here in the USA, but that accomplishment deserves an asterisk. Why, you ask That movie had a lot of fighting. Americans will see a movie with subtitles if someone is punching, kicking, or involved in gravity defying sword fights.
So yes, Ms. Mirren, you are correct: Movies with subtitles in America tend to fail. Subtitles are enjoyed at the movies about as much as public sex acts in the row behind you and Aaron Eckhart in a leading role.
The HITECH Act contains four subtitles (A-D). Subtitle A concerns the promotion of health information technology and is split into two parts. Part 1 is concerned with improving healthcare quality, safety, and efficiency. Part 2 is concerned with the application and use of health information technology standards and reports.
Watching TV with the closed captions or subtitles turned on used to be only for non-native speakers or the hearing impaired but those days are long gone. Studies have estimated that nearly 80% of Gen-Z TV viewers watch with the captions turned on.
Unlike captions, subtitles do not include the non-speech elements of the audio (like sounds or speaker identifications). Subtitles are also not considered an appropriate accommodation for deaf and hard of hearing viewers.
Nope, Barnett feared a backlash over the show's subtitles. The Returned is entirely in French, which means it's also fully subtitled in English. \"It seemed like a bit of a nuts proposition,\" she says. \"Who airs subtitled original programming in primetime Nobody. But then we watched this show and we couldn't get enough of it.\"
True to Barnett's fears, some viewers balked. \"They should have warned that it had subtitles,\" one viewer wrote on Sundance's Facebook page. \"It may be an amazing show. But I could not even get through the first episode because of them.\" Wrote another: \"I can't stand subtitles. I want to watch the show, not read it.\"
But as Sundance stayed out of the fray, other viewers defended the practice: \"Americans really do expect to have everything hand-fed to them,\" wrote one fan. \"You are missing out on a great show if you let the subtitles dissuade you from watching.\" By Week 2, most of the naysayers were gone.
Then there are times when foreign languages are spoken but producers don't include subtitles, purposely keeping viewers as clueless as the English-speaking characters on screen. \"Homeland does it very well,\" Reid says. \"Sometimes they subtitle and sometimes they don't. And when you don't subtitle, there's an anxiety from the audience.\"
FX, which also airs the Russian-infused thriller The Americans, has been supportive of The Bridge's reliance on Spanish and subtitles. \"The only time it ever came up was the pilot,\" Reid says. \"They wanted the first half of the show to not be so heavily subtitled [so we toned it down]. But after that, we never got one note about it.\"
Fox's Sleepy Hollow employed subtitles on the Nov. 18 episode for scenes featuring German bad guys who are part of the series' mythology. It wasn't the first time; the show has also translated some of its demons' dialogue.
In terms of broadcast TV, \"I think Lostbroke the barrier a little bit,\" Reid says. But he doesn't think the networks are as comfortable with the practice as cable channels. \"I do know they're still worried, 'What will people in Ohio think if there are subtitles. They won't understand it.'\"
Lost made waves during its first season with an episode that delivered the backstory of Jin and Sun, told mostly in Korean, with English subtitles. As recently as 2012, a fan at a Comic-Con panel told co-creator Damon Lindelof that he felt as if he were \"watching a foreign film, and it's kind of frustrating.\"
Lindelof responded that the Korean dialogue was critical in explaining the dynamic between the two characters. \"When we wrote that script, the network was like, 'We're a little bit concerned about all the subtitles.' And we were like, 'We're a little bit concerned about it too.' But concern can be a good thing.\"
HTML5 defines subtitles as a \"transcription or translation of the dialogue when sound is available but not understood\" by the viewer (for example, dialogue in a foreign language) and captions as a \"transcription or translation of the dialogue, sound effects, relevant musical cues, and other relevant audio information when sound is unavailable or not clearly audible\" (for example, when audio is muted or the viewer is deaf or hard of hearing).[1]
In the United States, the National Captioning Institute noted that English as a foreign or second language (ESL) learners were the largest group buying decoders in the late 1980s and early 1990s before built-in decoders became a standard feature of US television sets. This suggested that the largest audience of closed captioning was people whose native language was not English. In the United Kingdom, of 7.5 million people using TV subtitles (closed captioning), 6 million have no hearing impairment.[23]
Captioning is modulated and stored differently in PAL and SECAM 625 line 25 frame countries, where teletext is used rather than in EIA-608, but the methods of preparation and the line 21 field used are similar. For home Betamax and VHS videotapes, a shift down of this line 21 field must be done due to the greater number of VBI lines used in 625 line PAL countries, though only a small minority of European PAL VHS machines support this (or any) format for closed caption recording. Like all teletext fields, teletext captions can't be stored by a standard 625 line VHS recorder (due to the lack of field shifting support); they are available on all professional S-VHS recordings due to all fields being recorded. Recorded Teletext caption fields also suffer from a higher number of caption errors due to increased number of bits and a low SNR, especially on low-bandwidth VHS. This is why Teletext captions used to be stored separately on floppy disk to the analogue master tape. DVDs have their own system for subtitles and captions, which are digitally inserted in the data stream and decoded on playback into video.
As CC1 and CC2 share bandwidth, if there is a lot of data in CC1, there will be little room for CC2 data and is generally only used for the primary audio captions. Similarly, CC3 and CC4 share the second even field of line 21. Since some early caption decoders supported only single field decoding of CC1 and CC2, captions for SAP in a second language were often placed in CC2. This led to bandwidth problems, and the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) recommendation is that bilingual programming should have the second caption language in CC3. Many Spanish television networks such as Univision and Telemundo, for example, provides English subtitles for many of its Spanish programs in CC3. Canadian broadcasters use CC3 for French translated SAPs, which is also a similar practice in South Korea and Japan.
In New Zealand, captions use an EBU Ceefax-based teletext system on DVB broadcasts via satellite and cable television with the exception of MediaWorks New Zealand channels who completely switched to DVB RLE subtitles in 2012 on both Freeview satellite and UHF broadcasts, this decision was made based on the TVNZ practice of using this format on only DVB UHF broadcasts (aka Freeview HD). This made composite video connected TVs incapable of decoding the captions on their own. Also, these pre-rendered subtitles use classic caption style opaque backgrounds with an overly large font size and obscure the picture more than the more modern, partially transparent backgrounds.
In addition to Line 21 closed captions, video DVDs may also carry subtitles, which generally rendered from the EIA-608 captions as a bitmap overlay that can be turned on and off via a set top DVD player or DVD player software, just like the textual captions. This type of captioning is usually carried in a subtitle track labeled either \"English for the hearing impaired\" or, more recently, \"SDH\" (subtitled for the deaf and Hard of hearing).[39] Many popular Hollywood DVD-Videos can carry both subtitles and closed captions (e.g. Stepmom DVD by Columbia Pictures). On some DVDs, the Line 21 captions may contain the same text as the subtitles; on others, only the Line 21 captions include the additional non-speech information (even sometimes song lyrics) needed for deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers. European Region 2 DVDs do not carry Line 21 captions, and instead list the subtitle languages available-English is often listed twice, one as the representation of the dialogue alone, and a second subtitle set which carries additional information for the deaf and hard-of-hearing audience. (Many deaf/HOH subtitle files on DVDs are reworkings of original teletext subtitle files.)
Blu-ray media cannot carry any VBI data such as Line 21 closed captioning due to the design of DVI-based High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) specifications that was only extended for synchronized digital audio replacing older analog standards, such as VGA, S-Video, component video, and SCART. Both Blu-ray and DVD can use either PNG bitmap subtitles or 'advanced subtitles' to carry SDH type subtitling, the latter being an XML-based textual format which includes font, styling and positioning information as well as a unicode representation of the text. Advanced subtitling can also include additional media accessibility features such as \"descriptive audio\". 59ce067264